These multi-element standards consist of multi-layer thin film coatings, one on top of the other, upto a maximum of 6 elemental coatings.
It is generally recommended to have coating thicknesses < 20 µg/cm2, so as to cause negligible notable
matrix effects, in particular absorption of X-rays emitted in lower deposits by those covering them.
These standards are usually custom made on various substrates, and can also be used as accelerator targets, RoHS Calibration standards, etc, depending on the application.
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